7 tips for medical device maintenance

　　1. 親自重復(fù)故障(如果可以重復(fù)的話)，不輕信用戶(hù)或第三者的口述或轉(zhuǎn)述。仔細(xì)觀察，不輕信用戶(hù)的口述，尤其是第三者的轉(zhuǎn)述。有的操作者為了推脫自己的責(zé)任，會(huì)說(shuō)儀器自己突然...,自己什么也沒(méi)動(dòng),等等.這些都是可以理解的。工程師要會(huì)妥善處理。

　　1. Repeat the fault in person (if it can be repeated), and don't trust the oral or retelling of users or third parties. Observe carefully and don't believe the oral statements of users, especially those of third parties. Some operators, in order to shirk their responsibility, will say that the instrument itself suddenly... Did not move anything, etc. all these are understandable. The engineer will handle it properly.

　　2. 先外部，后內(nèi)部。不要?jiǎng)硬粍?dòng)就打開(kāi)機(jī)殼，沒(méi)有初步的判斷和排除就喜歡鋪開(kāi)攤子絕不是老手的做法。指望打開(kāi)機(jī)殼看哪里有斷線或明顯故障之處,純粹是在碰運(yùn)氣，即使好運(yùn)也不可能每次都這樣。約有50%故障是由外部環(huán)境或操作、清潔等造成的。如是否關(guān)機(jī)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)了?晝夜溫差是否很大?儀器放置的位置是否離電梯間很近? 儀器附近還有什么儀器在使用?計(jì)算機(jī)設(shè)置是否正確?等等。
              

　　2. Outside first, then inside. Don't always open the shell, without preliminary judgment and exclusion like to spread out the stall is not an old way. Looking to open the case to see where there is a broken line or obvious fault, is pure luck, even if good luck is not always like this. About 50% of the failures are caused by external environment or operation, cleaning, etc. For example, whether the shutdown time is long, whether the temperature difference between day and night is large, whether the location of the instrument is close to the elevator hall, what instruments are used near the instrument, whether the computer settings are correct, etc.

　　3. 先電源，后主機(jī);先附件，后主機(jī)。應(yīng)先檢查電源是否穩(wěn)定、負(fù)載是否過(guò)重、地線是否良好、電極等附件是否良好和正常、各接口是否正確等。

　　3. First power supply, then main engine; first accessories, then main engine. Check whether the power supply is stable, whether the load is too heavy, whether the ground wire is in good condition, whether the accessories such as electrodes are in good condition and normal, and whether the interfaces are correct.

　　4.充分利用儀器面板上各種按鍵、顯示屏幕和操作 或維修程序等，作些排除，這需要極其熟悉結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　4. Make full use of all kinds of buttons, display screen and operation or maintenance procedures on the instrument panel to make some exclusion, which requires extremely familiar with the structure.

　　5. 了解用戶(hù)的操作習(xí)慣、操作人員結(jié)構(gòu)和水平，科室經(jīng)濟(jì)情況等也會(huì)對(duì)維修有很大幫助。如可推斷清潔保養(yǎng)得如何，是否有欲更新的想法(否則無(wú)論怎么修都不會(huì)說(shuō)好)等。如筆者碰到一臺(tái)血球計(jì)數(shù)儀，前任幾個(gè)工程師無(wú)數(shù)次維修，持續(xù)二年，還換過(guò)新機(jī)器，但不到

　　5. Understanding the operating habits of users, the structure and level of operators, and the economic situation of the Department will also be of great help to the maintenance. If you can infer how well the cleaning and maintenance is, whether you want to update the idea (otherwise, no matter how you repair it, it will not be agreed). For example, the author came across a blood cell counter, several former engineers repaired it for two years, and replaced it with a new machine

　　半年又重復(fù)出現(xiàn)故障，麻煩不斷。我接手后有一次接報(bào)修，趕到時(shí)屏幕暗的，問(wèn)醫(yī)生是這臺(tái)嗎?醫(yī)生回答是的，且上前按電源開(kāi)關(guān)。按后無(wú)反應(yīng)，就又按一下，機(jī)器重啟了。原來(lái)儀器有屏幕保護(hù)功能，該科室無(wú)專(zhuān)人保管使用，使用者用好就走，后一使用者一看屏幕暗的，就開(kāi)開(kāi)關(guān)。每天數(shù)百次開(kāi)關(guān)電源，怎有不壞之理?修好后，我寫(xiě)了一個(gè)條子貼在儀器前，寫(xiě)明若發(fā)現(xiàn)屏幕暗，先隨意按一下任何鍵，不亮再開(kāi)電源開(kāi)關(guān)。從此就再也沒(méi)這么麻煩了。

　　Six months and repeated failures, trouble. After I took over, I received a report for repair. When I arrived, the screen was dark. I asked the doctor if it was this one. The doctor answered yes and went forward to press the power switch. If there is no response after pressing, press again, and the machine restarts. The original instrument has the function of screen protection. There is no special person in the Department to keep and use the instrument. The user can leave after using it well. The later user will turn on the switch when the screen is dark. After repairing, I wrote a note and pasted it in front of the instrument, saying that if the screen is dark, press any key at will, and then turn on the power switch. There's no more trouble.

　　6. 不輕易更換原來(lái)儀器上的元器件和板子、管道等，因?yàn)橛行┰骷c板子、軟件數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)。 更不能靠不停地?fù)Q板子和部件來(lái)縮小故障源，否則招一民工教教即會(huì)(目前此類(lèi)維修者多，既可收費(fèi)又簡(jiǎn)單)。

　　6. It is not easy to replace the components, boards and pipes of the original instrument, because some components are related to the board and software data. Moreover, we can't reduce the fault source by constantly changing boards and components, otherwise we can recruit a migrant worker for teaching (at present, there are many such maintenance workers, which can be charged and simple).

　　7. 必要時(shí)儀器或工程師要承擔(dān)責(zé)任，背“黑鍋”。若責(zé)任在科室或使用者，以后更難打交道了。出于各種目的,也會(huì)出現(xiàn)：有人故意設(shè)置故障。

　　7. When necessary, the instrument or engineer should bear the responsibility and bear the "black pot". If the responsibility lies in the department or user, it will be more difficult to deal with in the future. For a variety of purposes, there will also be: someone deliberately set the fault.